Nowadays people have more varied choices in buying vehicles and cars. As now they have the option of electric vehicles. But what exactly electric vehicle is? In simple words an electric vehicle, or EV, is a vehicle with one or more electric motors for propulsion. Thus, the motion may be provided either by wheels or propellers driven by rotary motors, or in the case of tracked vehicles, by linear motors.
The energy used to propel these kind of can be obtained from various sources such as:
1. From chemical energy stored on the vehicle in on-board batteries: Battery electric vehicle
2. From both an on-board rechargeable energy storage system (RESS) and fueled propulsion power source: hybrid vehicle
3. Generated on-board using a combustion engine, as in a diesel-electric locomotive
4. Generated on-board using a fuel cell: fuel cell vehicle
5. Generated on-board using nuclear energy, on nuclear submarines and aircraft carriers
6. From more esoteric sources such as flywheels, wind and solar
7. From a direct connection to land-based generation plants, as is common in electric trains and trolley buses
Electric vehicles generally use electric motors used to drive vehicles because they can be finely controlled, they deliver power efficiently and they are mechanically very simple. Moreover these electric motors often achieve 90% conversion efficiency over the full range of speeds and power output and can be precisely controlled. Thus it won’t be wrong to say that these electric motors can provide high torque while an electric vehicle is stopped, unlike internal combustion engines, and do not need gears to match power curves.
These days electric vehicle is designed in two ways those are Battery Electric Vehicles and Hybrid vehicles. Battery Electric Vehicles covert chemical energy to electrical energy in batteries; whereas Hybrid vehicles, which convert chemical energy to electrical energy via an internal combustion engine and a generator. However, there is another less established form of electric vehicle which is the ‘plug-in hybrid’. This ‘plug-in hybrid’ attempts to combine the benefits of both these designs and allows the moderate capacity batteries of a hybrid vehicle to be recharged not only from the internal combustion engine and generator.
Electric Vehicles include electric wheelchairs, the Segway HT, electric motorcycles and scooters, motorized bicycles, golf carts and neighborhood electric vehicles. Furthermore some working electric vehicles include heavy work equipment, fork lifts, and numerous other service and support vehicles. Thus, if you are an environment conscious then electric vehicle is best for you.
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Thrust and horsepower are different characteristics so the two are not really comparable although they are related. If you compare a turboprop to a recip the turboprop produces about three times as much horsepower per pound.
Push, thrust, depends on airspeed. At low speed propellers provide more push. That's the reason modern transport aircraft engines are turbofans which is sort of a combination of jet and propeller (ducted fan), a middle ground between a pure turbojet and a propeller At high speed jets win because propellers lose thrust with increasing speed. At high speed jets win because jets gain thrust.
Altitude has very little to do with efficiency of the engine, it does result in a loss of thrust because of the thinner air. Much more so for a recip which must suck in air. A jet gets air shoved down it's throat so to speak. Supercharging a recip pumps in more air so they can maintain power at higher altitudes.
Altitude does increase the efficiency of flight because physically the airplane flies faster (true airspeed) but aerodynamically it is flying at the same or a lower speed (calibrated airspeed).
Ram jets have been tried, remember the German V-1 buzz bomb. There were probably a number of experimental aircraft which were powered by ramjets. The problem with ram jets is they must be traveling at least 150 mph to produce any thrust. You'd need another engine or rocket to get up to that speed. They're very simple and cheap but not very efficient.
Depends on year make and model. Most modern cars will benefit by using a fuel system cleaner you add to the gas once or twice a year. You can DYI by buying a can at any local auto parts store like a auto zone or kragen etc.. Just follow the directions on the can.